General Jos\u00e9 Lu\u00eds Pinto Ramalho holds a degree in Military Sciences, specialising in Artillery, from the Military Academy, as well as the General Command and Staff Course and the Advanced Command and Leadership Course, both from the Institute of Higher Military Studies. Additionally, he has completed, among others, the Air Defense Artillery Officer Advanced Course (USA), the NATO Defence Course at the NATO Defence College (Italy), and the Commandos Course at the Commandos Training Centre (Angola). He also holds a Master’s degree in Strategy from the Higher Institute of Social and Political Sciences at the Technical University of Lisbon (1987).
Throughout his career, he has served in various army units and institutions, including the Artillery Practical School, the Headquarters of the Azores Military Zone, the Operational Command of the Land Forces, the Army General Staff, and the Institute of Higher Military Studies. He was a professor of Strategy at the Command and Staff Course and the Advanced Command and Leadership Course at the Institute of Higher Military Studies. He completed two service commissions in the Military Region of Angola (1968-1969 and 1971-1973) and one in the Administrative Region of Macau (1978-1981).
He served as an Assistant to the Minister of National Defence in the 11th and 12th Constitutional Governments (1988-1995), Military Advisor to the Portuguese Delegation at NATO (Brussels), and National Representative on the Security and Protection of Nuclear Weapons Committee (1993-1996). He was Chief of Staff of the Operational Command of the Land Forces (1996-1997), Chief of Staff to the Minister of National Defence in the 13th and 14th Constitutional Governments (1999-2001), Director-General for National Defence Policy at the Ministry of National Defence (2001-2004), and Director of the Institute of Higher Military Studies (2004-2005) and the Institute of Advanced Military Studies (2005-2006). He also served as Honorary Director of the Artillery Corps (2004-2006). Upon being promoted to the rank of General, he was appointed Chief of Staff of the Army (2006-2011).
General Pinto Ramalho has been distinguished with numerous honours, including the Grand Cross of the Military Order of Christ (2012) and the ranks of Knight (1982) and Officer (1983) of the Military Order of Aviz. He is also an Officer of the Ordre National du M\u00e9rite (France, 1990), Grand Officer of the Order of Military Merit (Brazil, 2009), Grand Officer of the Order of Cartographic Merit (Brazil, 2009), Grand Cross of Military Merit (Spain, 2010), and Grand Cross of the Order Pro Merito Melitensi of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta (2010).<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
General Jos\u00e9 Lu\u00eds Pinto Ramalho holds a degree in Military Sciences, specialising in Artillery, from the Military Academy, as well as the General Command and Staff Course and the Advanced Command and Leadership Course, both from the Institute of Higher Military Studies. Additionally, he has completed, among others, the Air Defense Artillery Officer Advanced Course […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":23335,"menu_order":0,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"date":["2018-06-19"],"email":"pinto.ramalho@sapo.pt","show_email":false,"interest":"","interest_en":"","hyperlink":"","footnotes":""},"ac_class":[118],"ac_bond":[121],"ac_section":[150],"class_list":["post-21014","ac_scholars","type-ac_scholars","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","ac_class-classe-de-letras","ac_bond-correspondentes-nacionais","ac_section-7-a-seccao-ciencias-sociais-e-politicas"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.acad-ciencias.pt\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ac_scholars\/21014","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.acad-ciencias.pt\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ac_scholars"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.acad-ciencias.pt\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/ac_scholars"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.acad-ciencias.pt\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.acad-ciencias.pt\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ac_scholars\/21014\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23336,"href":"https:\/\/www.acad-ciencias.pt\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ac_scholars\/21014\/revisions\/23336"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.acad-ciencias.pt\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23335"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.acad-ciencias.pt\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21014"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"ac_class","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.acad-ciencias.pt\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ac_class?post=21014"},{"taxonomy":"ac_bond","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.acad-ciencias.pt\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ac_bond?post=21014"},{"taxonomy":"ac_section","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.acad-ciencias.pt\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ac_section?post=21014"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}